- One of the main reasons why literature is such an important part of learning is that it provides a rich and extremely diverse written material that is important for learning about fundamental human problems.
- Their correlations change over time.
- Literature is “real” stuff.
- Literature enriches cultural awareness. In most cases, language learners can better understand the culture of the language they are trying to learn through literature. The reader can discover the private thoughts, feelings, and customs of a particular group to better understand the language.
- Literature enriches language.
- Literature contributes to personal enrichment. Imaginative engagement with literature allows students to divert attention from the more mechanical aspects of language learning.
The first step in teaching literature is selecting the subject matter, including the literary texts to be studied. The preparation of the teaching material depends on the literary text selected for study.
- The applicability of literary texts to students always depends on the different student groups, their needs, interests, cultural backgrounds and language skills.
- However, personal commitment should always be the goal of literature lessons.
- Literature classes require strong, personal, and positive responses.
In teaching literature, the goal is to maintain interest and engagement through a variety of student-centered activities.
- When planning activities that integrate language and literature, teachers need to remember that the learning involves as many students as possible.
- Teachers should explore as much as possible the emotional dimension that is an integral part of literature.
- Students are supported in exploring their own responses to literature through various teaching materials prepared for the class.
- One of the principles influencing the use of instructional literature is the use of the target language in a number of selected activities.
- In order to integrate language and literature classes designed to facilitate language learning, teachers must never forget that given enough time in the classroom, literature can stand on its own.
For students who want to break new ground with a new literary text, the first meeting can be crucial. First impressions can affect how you feel about the whole thing you are involved with. You may experience the experience with a mixture of curiosity, excitement, and apprehension. The teacher's role should be to encourage risk-taking while creating a supportive atmosphere in which students can feel comfortable.
The first commandment is usually to try to get students "into" the text quickly so that they find it interesting and want to continue reading on their own. Next, students need to be convinced that the task at hand is not impossible.
Suggested activities and teaching materials for the first meeting:
- Speaking of book titles and cover design
- The teacher sets the scene and arouses the students' curiosity by showing them an interesting cover design and asking them to speculate about the book and its history.
- Use questionnaire
- Students will be given a questionnaire to fill out. The questions focus on the text under study.
- Create a bio montage
- The teacher collects some pictures, objects or anything related to the author's life. These materials/objects are mounted on a larger map. Students are then asked to speculate about the meaning of the items in the set.
- The story goes on
- After reading the first part of the text, students are asked to research a number of possible continuations of the story. Then they choose what they think the author will use.
- Compare beginning
- The teacher takes three or four passages from a novel or short story that begin very similarly and asks the students to respond to the comparison.
- write chapter
- Ask students to write the paragraph that precedes the first part of the work they just found.
The conservation of momentum problem can be used anywhere in the literature and can be applied across different genres. This part of literature studies enables students to understand, appreciate and appreciate literary works. In this situation, a combination of classroom activities and home reading can be used.
Suggested activities and educational materials to keep the momentum going
- Question worksheets leading to pair work in the classroom
- Half of the class gets a set of questions about the home reading passage, and the other half gets another set of questions.
- finish this sentence
- This worksheet can be used as a take home activity. This is in addition to the regular Q&A.
- Right or wrong
- This worksheet challenges students to answer true or false to specific concepts.
- abstract with spaces
- The simplest type of summary exercise is the gapped summary. This helps readers by providing them with an almost complete and simple summary. Gaps are often keywords or phrases that can only be uncovered by reading the relevant passage.
- Summary with incomplete sentences
- A more sophisticated variant is a summary with incomplete sentences.
- summary comparison
- The teacher wrote two one-part summaries to read at home. Differences between summaries can be "adjusted" at the group level. At the most basic level, one of the summaries omits certain key points; at a more difficult level, both summaries are fairly accurate, but one may contain conclusions or misunderstandings.
- confusing incident
- Give students a list of confusing events. They will only postpone the event.
- choose an explanation
- Students give a number of different interpretations of the events in the text they are reading.
- Snowball Activity
- These activities will continue and be added incrementally as students read longer works. These activities help keep track of the entire book, provide a valuable mnemonic, and reduce long texts to manageable proportions.
Example:
- retell a story
- Billboards and other visual displays
- Summarize
- Montage
- Symbol
- continuous forecast
- write diary
- These activities will continue and be added incrementally as students read longer works. These activities help keep track of the entire book, provide a valuable mnemonic, and reduce long texts to manageable proportions.
The activities in this part of the literature class discussion help students explore and express their own reactions to literature.
Suggested activities to preserve highlights:
- thought bubble
- The task for this activity is simple: ask students to write an "inner" dialogue that matches the original dialogue.
- Poems
- The goal is to articulate a personal and heartfelt response to a literary situation.
- Use the real format
- These are non-literary formats that can be imported into the context of a literary work and stimulated to write.
- newspaper article
- A newspaper article or report must be written about the selected highlight scene. When possible, students are given samples of authentic newspaper articles from more than one publication.
- oral activity
- These activities highlight lines/dialogue appropriate for oral reading.
Example:
- mini reading
- poetry readings
- choir reading
- oral summary
- These activities highlight lines/dialogue appropriate for oral reading.
This part of studying literature in the classroom keeps each student's perception of literature alive.
Proposed final event:
- dramatic
- The context provided by the literature helps to create role play situations. This activity allows students to work together.
- cover photo
- Students are asked to prepare a book cover to see how it will evoke and clarify their general reaction to the text they are reading.
- Write a synopsis for the back cover
- In preparation for this activity, the teacher reads a synopsis of the covers of the chosen novels. This activity is designed to show if students can create a distinctive storyline for a specific piece of literature.
- short writing assignment
- These activities test students' ability to use language in written activities.
Example:- Map
- Prose
- newspaper article
- Daily
- These activities test students' ability to use language in written activities.
FAQs
What are the compilation of strategies in teaching literature? ›
There are six approaches in the teaching of literature. They are the (1) Language-Based Approach, (2) Paraphrastic Approach, (3) Information-Based Approach, (4) Personal-Response Approach, (5) Moral-Philosophical Approach, and (6) Stylistic Approach.
What are the instructional materials for teaching literature? ›...
Examples:
- Retelling a story.
- Wall charts and other visual displays.
- Summaries.
- Montage.
- Graphic representation.
- Continuing predictions.
- Writing ongoing diaries.
According to Carter and Long (1991), the three main approaches to teaching literature are the language model, the cultural model, and the personal growth model.
How do you integrate literature across the curriculum? ›An excellent way to incorporate literature across the curriculum is through units. For instance, if we read a novel about a tornado, the book's themes and topics can transcend every other subject area.
What are the 5 strategies in teaching literature? ›- Diversifying Classroom Texts. ...
- Complementing Novels With Films. ...
- Scaffolding Student-Led Literary Analysis. ...
- Utilizing Creative Student Reading Responses.
Moreover, lecture-discussion was found to be the most effective strategy in the teaching of literature.
What are the seven 7 types of instructional materials? ›Textbooks, pamphlets, handouts, study guides, manuals | |
---|---|
Audio | Cassettes, microphone, podcast |
Visual | Charts, real objects, photographs, transparencies |
Audiovisual | Slides, tapes, films, filmstrips, television, video, multimedia |
Electronic Interactive | Computers, graphing calculators, tablets |
Traditional resources: Textbooks, reference books, lesson plans, workbooks, flashcards, charts and supplemental reading materials.
Why do teachers need to use instructional materials when teaching literature? ›Instructional materials are essential since they help the teacher and learners avoid overemphasis on recitation and rote learning that can easily dominate a lesson. Resource materials allow learners to have practical experiences which help them to develop skills and concepts and to work in a variety of ways.
What is the traditional approach of teaching literature? ›Traditional. In traditional literature programs students focus on decoding the mechanics of texts: plot, characterization, and themes. These texts tend to include a balance of contemporary and “classic” literature.
What is referred to as the most common model used in teaching literature? ›
The most widely taught model is known as the interactive method. In this model, instructors use high-interest text to teach basic skills and then take these skills to reach more challenging literature.
What is the stylistic approach in teaching literature? ›It is a way of approaching literature in general and poetry in particular through linguistic elements. The realm of linguistics consists of semantical and syntactical aspects of a text. In analyzing a poem by using stylistic approach, the instructor needs a plan based on semantic and syntactic layers of a poem.
What are the 5 methods of curriculum integration? ›The five levels of curriculum integration identified in this study are identified as departmentalized, reinforcement, complementary or shared units, webbed, and integrated themes.
How do you incorporate diverse literature in the classroom? ›- Identify Existing Books with Stereotypes. ...
- Include as Many Unique Perspectives as Possible. ...
- Consider the Stories That Feature Diverse Characters. ...
- Ask for Help from Your Class. ...
- Know Where to Find Diverse Stories. ...
- Use Your School's Resources for Assistance.
Integrating reading, writing, and oral communication in language arts is a common example. Teachers often integrate history, geography, economics, and government in an intradisciplinary social studies program.
How do you introduce a literature lesson? ›It can help to introduce literature by starting with forms they're familiar with and then working up to longer texts. Then, as you delve deeper, work on the literary elements and have open discussions that encourage students to engage with the narrative.
What are the seven techniques in teaching literature? ›They are covering: 1) constructivism; 2) inquiry; 3) questioning; 4) Page 2 modeling; 5) learning community; 6) reflection; 7) authentic assessment.
What makes an effective literature teacher? ›Effective teachers are aware of the complexity of a wide range of texts and the potential challenges these pose for students. They also recognize the sequence of events that occur within the classroom and how it could impact student learning.
What are the innovative methods of teaching literature? ›- Flip the Classroom. ...
- Personalized Learning. ...
- Project-Based Learning (PBL) ...
- Inquiry-Based Learning. ...
- Jigsaws. ...
- Ask Open-Ended Questions. ...
- Peer Teaching. ...
- Blended Learning.
72 = Delayed Interaction: Session under supervision of instructor not available by line of sight using the Internet without the immediate involvement of the instructor.
What are the 4 types of curriculum? ›
There are four different types of curricula that educators have to address in the classroom; t hese four are the explicit, implicit, null, and extracurricular.
What are the four 4 types of instructional methods? ›Do you know what the four types of instructional methods are? The four types are information processing, behavioral, social interaction, and personal. Within each model, several strategies can be used.
What is the most essential instructional resource? ›A course syllabus is a vital instructional resource as it can succinctly convey all the important information that students need to know regarding: Course learning outcomes/objectives (required) Number of credit hours associated with the course.
What are the 3 types of instructional materials? ›After watching this lesson, you should have a full understanding of the three most common types of instructional materials - traditional resources, graphic organizers, and teacher-made resources - and their importance to the process of teaching your students.
Is PowerPoint an instructional material? ›No matter which side you take, PowerPoint does offer effective ways to enhance instruction when used and designed appropriately. PowerPoint can be an effective tool to present material in the classroom and encourage student learning.
What are teaching and learning materials examples? ›- text books.
- novels.
- films.
- plays.
- radio programs.
- multimedia.
- digital learning resources including video, audio, text, animations and images.
- lectures.
Lesson Summary
Instructional materials are all materials used by teachers and educators to teach lessons to their students. These can include textbooks, tests, homework assignments, and other materials.
- Avoid pictures with depth.
- There should be a moderate amount of detail.
- Eliminate background and unnecessary detail.
- The important objects should have enrichment of detail: texture, gradients of texture, shading, etc.
- Portrayal should be realistic, no impressionism or expressionism.
Traditional teaching
The old-fashioned way of teaching was all about recitation, for example students would sit in silence, while one student after another would take it in turns to recite the lesson, until each one had been called upon.
The traditional method of teaching is an old way of teaching where teachers are the main players in the classroom while students are mere listeners. The common ways of teaching are the use of chalk and talk, visual aids, reporting, and different activities that lead to teacher-student interaction.
What is the difference between traditional and modern teaching methods? ›
Traditional education is the study of culture, traditions, and customs, while modern education teaches students to improve their skills. In traditional teaching methods, students learn through memorization skills, while in modern education systems, students learn through human-environment interaction.
What are the six approaches in teaching literature? ›- Reading for Plot and Comprehension. ...
- Reading for Theme. ...
- Reading for Author's Craft. ...
- Approaching Literary Theories. ...
- Using Bloom's Taxonomy. ...
- Response Journaling. ...
- Reading for Vocabulary. ...
- Working with Groups.
Students should be able to identify, analyze, interpret and describe the critical ideas, values, and themes that appear in literary and cultural texts and understand the way these ideas, values, and themes inform and impact culture and society, both now and in the past.
What are the four literary approaches to study literature? ›We've grouped them into four categories—author-focused, text-focused, reader-focused, and context-focused—each with its own central approach and central question about literary works and effective ways to understand them.
What are the critical approaches to teaching literature? ›Pedagogy: Critical Approaches to Teaching Literature, Language, Composition, and Culture is an innovative journal that aims to build and sustain a vibrant discourse around teaching in English studies.
What is a paraphrastic approach in teaching literature? ›Paraphrastic approach is primarily paraphrasing and rewording the text to simpler language or use other languages to translate it. Teachers use simple words or less complex sentence structure to make the original text easy to understand (Divsar, 2014).
What are the four 4 basic components of curriculum? ›From a UDL perspective, we think of four components to a curriculum: the goals, the methods, the materials, and the assessment. They are very closely interrelated in that the goal is the primary thing with which a lesson begins and the others line up to achieve that goal.
What are the 3 types of approaches to integrating literacies in the curriculum? ›Three of these are design thinking, invention education, and participatory design. Read more about these below and decide which model you'd like to design towards. IDEO shares that design thinking is “a creative process that helps you design meaningful solutions in the classroom, at your school, and in your community.
What are the three 3 approach to integrated curriculum? ›Three integrated curriculum approaches to teaching and learning in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) for secondary schooling were evident: (1) Interdisciplinary; (2) Disciplinary Literacy; and (3) Transdisciplinary.
How do you incorporate books into the classroom? ›- Familiarize your students with the textbook. ...
- Show them how to read for what they need. ...
- Directly integrate the assigned reading, especially in the opening weeks. ...
- 4. … ...
- Add some original and non-textbook sources. ...
- Don't assign too much reading.
Should more diverse content be added to school textbooks why or why not? ›
Building Empathy and Community
Since diverse books can serve both as mirrors and windows of different human emotions and experiences, they offer a powerful opportunity to build community, increase students' empathy, and push back against bias and prejudice.
Or, put another way, we can be fairly confident that a book that has endured for decades or centuries – that has “stood the test of time”, if you will – is a classic. It's a great idea because it's easily quantifiable; there's nothing subjective about how many years a book has been around, which means fewer arguments.
How to integrate English with other subjects? ›Brainstorm and list activities around the theme you have selected. You should then focus on the English language learning in activities. Talk with subject teachers about suitable activities and collectively decide on the vocabulary and communication skills that you want students to develop.
What is an example of content integration in a classroom? ›In the multidisciplinary approach, teachers take standards from several content areas and organize them around a central theme. For example, teachers could take reading, writing, listening and speaking standards and organize them around a theme of geography or history.
What is interdisciplinary curriculum? ›An interdisciplinary curriculum is a holistic approach that links the disciplines by emphasizing relationships and connections. A different approach to curriculum development and one that moves away from the traditional, subject-centered approach is curriculum integration.
What are literature based strategies? ›A literature-based instruction approach is a reading instruction approach where students are exposed to authentic literature in the classroom, rather than a phonics approach or a vocabulary-based approach. The focus of literature-based instruction is specific literature that is deemed quality and authentic.
What are the four literature strategies enumerate? ›It helps to deconstruct the literature review into a four-part process, including: 1) Developing a Topic; 2) Searching the Literature; 3) Narrowing the Scope; and 4) Synthesizing Prior Research.
What are the techniques and strategies in writing literature review? ›- Narrow your topic and select papers accordingly.
- Search for literature.
- Read the selected articles thoroughly and evaluate them.
- Organize the selected papers by looking for patterns and by developing subtopics.
- Develop a thesis or purpose statement.
- Write the paper.
- Review your work.
The National Reading Panel identified five key concepts at the core of every effective reading instruction program: Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Fluency, Vocabulary, and Comprehension.
What are the five key elements of a literature based reading classroom list and explain? ›Effective instructional programs and materials emphasize the five essential components of effective reading instruction: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension.
What is the traditional approach in teaching literature? ›
Traditional. In traditional literature programs students focus on decoding the mechanics of texts: plot, characterization, and themes. These texts tend to include a balance of contemporary and “classic” literature.
What are the techniques of teaching literary genres? ›- Play 3 Truths and a Lie. Have each student write 4 statements about genres on a piece of paper, three being truths, and one being a lie. ...
- Have a book sorting contest. ...
- Host a genre walk. ...
- Set them up on a blind date. ...
- Incorporate visual texts.
The thematic approach offers a meaningful reading program by providing time for students to read entire books as well as pursue related follow-up activities. Students are exposed to pieces of literature and given opportunities to judge their literary quality.
What are the five 5 types of literature? ›- Drama. Stories composed in verse or prose, usually for theatrical performance, where conflicts and emotion are expressed through dialogue and action.
- Fable. ...
- Fairy Tale. ...
- Fantasy. ...
- Fiction. ...
- Fiction in Verse. ...
- Folklore. ...
- Historical Fiction.
Literary Elements are the foundational building blocks of all stories. Students will learn to identify six basic elements (setting, point of view, plot, character, conflict, theme), and to evaluate and analyze whether an author has used them...
What are the 5 C's of writing literature review? ›To introduce you to this world of academic writing, in this chapter I suggest that you should focus on five hierarchical characteristics of good writing, or the “5 Cs” of good academic writing, which include Clarity, Cogency, Conventionality, Completeness, and Concision.
What are the two major literature review techniques? ›Systematic literature review can be divided into two categories: meta-analysis and meta-synthesis.
What are the 5 characteristics of a good literature review? ›- Outlining important research trends.
- Assessing strengths and weaknesses (of individual studies as well the existing research as a whole).
- Identifying potential gaps in knowledge.
- Establishing a need for current and/or future research projects.